{"id":1304814,"date":"2025-07-04T14:58:38","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T12:58:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/geodetic-elements\/"},"modified":"2026-03-31T12:13:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T10:13:23","slug":"geodetic-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/en\/geodetic-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"Geodetic Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1304814\" class=\"elementor elementor-1304814 elementor-433693\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7afa91c0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7afa91c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d9c8a21 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d9c8a21\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52a7b372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-1077 elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"52a7b372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"breadcrumbs\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/en\/homepage\/\">Home<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1575aad6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-1074 elementor-widget-theme-post-title\" data-id=\"1575aad6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geodetic Elements<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3565a27 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3565a27\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6dd2b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6dd2b8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67b56de e-con-full elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"67b56de\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b17bd8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b17bd8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;],&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fea5265 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fea5265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PAGE INDEX<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86fea39 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"86fea39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#epsg\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">EPSG codes in use in Italy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#grigliati\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Gridded data and coordinate conversion service<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#lavori\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Geodetic works<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#rdn\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">RDN (National Dynamic Network) Project<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#alta-precisione\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">High-precision leveling network<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#igm95\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">IGM95 Network<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#trigonometria\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Fundamental trigonometric network<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#archivio-storico\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Reproductions of documents from the historical archives<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#verto\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">VERTO software<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-085b1ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"085b1ce\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cd3f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8cd3f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"epsg\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">EPSG codes in use in Italy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e0e4d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e0e4d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\">The EPSG database includes the coordinate reference systems used in Italy, along with their corresponding projected systems; download <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/nuova_nota_EPSG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the updated guide<\/a>for the use of EPSG codes in GIS software and <a href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/nuovi_PRJ.zip\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">related prj files<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a02b7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a02b7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"grigliati\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gridded data and coordinate conversion service\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-210e14b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"210e14b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b90238e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b90238e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span class=\"internal-link\">GK1 grid (300 km2)<\/span>:<\/strong> covering 10 km around any IGM95 point, with ITALGEO99 geoid model\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3b226a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a3b226a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52fe467 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52fe467\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span class=\"internal-link\">GK2 grid (300 km2)<\/span>:<\/strong> covering 10 km around any IGM95 point, with ITALGEO2005 geoid model\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23a71bf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"23a71bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f611a98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f611a98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span class=\"internal-link\">Grid GK1 (600 km2)<\/span>:<\/strong> covering each sheet of the 1:50,000 map of Italy, with ITALGEO99 geoid model\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e15dd38 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e15dd38\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83ab641 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83ab641\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span class=\"internal-link\">GK2 grid (600 km2)<\/span>:<\/strong> covering each sheet of the 1:50,000 map of Italy, with ITALGEO2005 geoid model\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-630e697 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"630e697\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9798ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e9798ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>NTv2 grid:<\/strong> grid portion in NTv2 format covering an area requested by the user by indicating the coordinates of the NE and SO vertexes of the given area of interest (price per km\u00b2)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db775c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db775c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"lavori\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geodetic Works<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba49f00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba49f00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Plano-altimetric determination of points<br>Geodetic and cartographic computation (geodetic computation between points, determination of points, measurement adjustments, deformation modules, etc.)<br>High-precision measurements for checking the stability of historical buildings and monitoring crustal and surface movements, etc.<br>Geodetic and geophysics measuring and computing (absolute positioning, magnetic north, gravity)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0e8002 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d0e8002\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"rdn\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">RDN (National Dynamic Network) Project<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc896b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc896b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 2009, IGMI updated the European Geodetic Reference ETRS89 to the realization ETRF2000, epoch 2008.0. The new frame was materialized by organizing a network of permanent GNSS stations on the national territory: the National Dynamic Network (Rete dinamica nazionale &#8211; RDN). This network system consists of 99 GNSS stations, mostly owned by Public Institutions, which transmit data acquired by satellite systems to a dedicated Data Center specifically set up within the IGMI Geodetic Department.  <br><br>Locations of the RDN stations, and therefore the consequent definition of the reference frame, resulted by processing the data collected over the four-week period spanning January 1st, 2008. This processing was carried out by the Data Center following the EUREF guidelines (the IAG sub-commission for the European Reference System ETRS89) by using Bernese 5.0 software. Two other Data Centers, namely the G3 group of Milan directed by Prof. F. Sans\u00f2, and the Padua group of Prof. A. Caporali, repeated independently the same calculations for an additional control. Final results are shown in the technical report describing, in detail, the development of the RDN installation project.   <\/p><p>Since RDN establishment, IGMI has continued to collect data transmitted by the stations and distributes them to users through free access, to the <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"ftp:\/\/37.207.194.154\/\" target=\"_self\">data center of the Geodetic Department<\/a><br><br>The RDN network is continuously monitored by the Geodetic Department\u2019s Data Center to ensure the quality and availability of data transmitted by the stations. Due to various disruptions, some RDN stations belonging to the original network are no longer active. The Geodetic Department has therefore introduced new sites, restoring the network to a total of approximately 140 stations, in order to preserve a uniform coverage of the national territory. The new network is called RDN2 and the new stations\u2019 data are available in a <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"ftp:\/\/37.207.194.154\/RDN2\" target=\"_self\">separate archive at the data center<\/a>.   <br><br>The Data Center processes data from the RDN2 network on a weekly basis using Bernese 5.2 software. The results are integrated into the current frame of the International Geodetic System (IGS) and published in ASCII and SINEX format, in a <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"ftp:\/\/37.207.194.154\/products\" target=\"_self\">dedicated section, organized according to GPS weeks.<\/a> Moreover, during 2017, the Data Center reprocessed the entire time series of the weekly solutions, obtaining an aggregate solutions for the positions as well as for the speeds of the RDN network sites. Position and speed estimates, along with the relevant technical documentation, are published in the <a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"ftp:\/\/37.207.194.154\/products\/positions\" target=\"_self\">data center of the Geodetic Department<\/a>.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e36443 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6e36443\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">See the technical report on the RDN installation project:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-888e147 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"888e147\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/relazione.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technical Report: &#8220;The National Dynamic Network and the New ETRF2000 Reference System&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 1 &#8211; Network Chart<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 2 &#8211; Availability of raw data<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 3 &#8211; Hardware of RDN stations<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 4 &#8211; ITRF005 Coordinates of the RDN.<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato5.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 5 &#8211; Consistency of results<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato6.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 6 &#8211; Cartesian coordinates of the RDN in ETRF2000.<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato7.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Annex 7 &#8211; Geographic coordinates of the RDN in ETRF2000.<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/allegato8.pdf\">Exhibit 8 &#8211; Differences in results among the three computing centers<\/a><\/li><\/ul><h3> <\/h3><h5><a class=\"external-link\" title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/212.77.67.76\/rdn\/calcola_differenze.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Update the coordinates of IGM95 points from the ETRF89 realization to the new ETRF2000 realization<\/a><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-091596c alta-precisione elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"091596c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"alta-precisione\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">High-precision leveling network<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bae27a7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bae27a7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec0aef0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec0aef0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a27029 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a27029\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"496\" height=\"702\" src=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_rete_20percent.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-433723\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_rete_20percent.jpg 496w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_rete_20percent-212x300.jpg 212w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d97bc05 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d97bc05\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b14e66e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b14e66e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\">The high-precision leveling network was set up between 1950 and 1971, and consisted, at the time of its establishment, of about 13,000 benchmarks materialized along the roads of the national territory. Other leveling networks belonging to the Cadastre, local authorities and research institutes are connected to this network. A major project of complete remeasurement of existing lines and simultaneous establishment of new ones is currently underway, in order to have more than 20000 benchmarks. Elevations refer to 4 elevation systems: Genoa 1942 for continental Italy, Cagliari 1965 for Sardinia, Catania 1956 for Sicily, and Lampedusa 2005 for the Pelagie Islands.   <\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb3d6a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb3d6a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The benchmarks<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43af172 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43af172\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>In the geographic search engine, leveling benchmarks are indicated by red or blue round icons. These different symbols are described below: <\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\" benchmark\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/1.png\" alt=\" benchmark\"> Leveling benchmark measured after 1996<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"benchmark_old\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/10.png\" alt=\"benchmark_old\"> leveling benchmark<\/p><p>Monograph of benchmarks consists of a pdf sheet of useful information that will be send to the costumer.<\/p><p>In each information sheet are indicated:<\/p><ul><li>name and specification: name of the benchmark location, a specification can be added in order to better identify the place of materialization;<\/li><li>number: the benchmark is identified by an alphanumeric code consisting of 3 different parts separated by underscores: the first part (4 alphanumeric symbols) indicates the line the benchmark belongs to, or the nodal point when the first symbol is \u201cN\u201d; the second part (3 alphanumeric symbols) indicates the line deviation (if any), the third part (4 alphanumeric symbols) indicates the sequential number of the benchmark on the line; <br><br><\/li><li><strong> Administrative location<\/strong>: Nation, Region, Province and Municipality in which the benchmark falls;<\/li><li><strong>Cartographic location<\/strong>: cartographic elements in which the benchmark falls, in the following series: sheet at scale 100,000, map at scale 25,000, sheet at scale 50,000, section at scale 25,000.<\/li><li>symbols: up to 4 different symbols for each benchmark; a graphic symbol (see the table below) indicates the benchmark\u2019s materialization, then the evevation up to 0,1 mm. and the description of the exact location of the benchmark.<\/li><li>kilometric progression: indicates the kilometric distance from the starting Nodal point of the line;<\/li><li>year of measurement: when the height was established;<\/li><li><strong>reconnaissance<\/strong>: year of the last survey;<\/li><li><strong>coincident<\/strong>: if linked to an IGM95 point;<\/li><li>connected vertexes: planimetric\/altimetric connection to vertexes of classical network or to leveling benchmarks;<\/li><li><strong>Monographic sketch<\/strong>: plan or perspective drawing representing the position of the vertex in the context of the details surrounding it;<\/li><li><strong>Geographic coordinates<\/strong>: expressed to the tenth of a sexagesimal second in the ETRF2000 and ROMA40 geodetic systems; <br><br><br><\/li><li>one or more pictures of the point;<\/li><\/ul><p>The following monographs are available:<\/p><ul><li>LEVELING BENCHMARKS of the modern High-Precision Leveling Network<\/li><li>OLD NETWORK LEVELING BENCHMARKS of the old High-Precision Leveling Network<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-511c940 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"511c940\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2eb211 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d2eb211\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb32ea0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eb32ea0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"live_contrassegni_orizzontali\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDMzNzI1LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvaWdtaS5lc2VyY2l0by5kaWZlc2EuaXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcL2xpdmVfY29udHJhc3NlZ25pX29yaXp6b250YWxpLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-433725\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali.png 869w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali-768x483.png 768w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_orizzontali-600x377.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9437182 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9437182\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95c8656 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"95c8656\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"live_contrassegni_verticali\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDMzNzI3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvaWdtaS5lc2VyY2l0by5kaWZlc2EuaXRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcL2xpdmVfY29udHJhc3NlZ25pX3ZlcnRpY2FsaS5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-433727\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali.png 874w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali-768x295.png 768w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/live_contrassegni_verticali-600x231.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b3367d igm95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b3367d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"igm95\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">IGM95 Network<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e992c28 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e992c28\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6631401 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6631401\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27c4855 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"27c4855\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"496\" height=\"702\" src=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/igm95_rete_18percent.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-433743\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/igm95_rete_18percent.jpg 496w, https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/igm95_rete_18percent-212x300.jpg 212w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f02885 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6f02885\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3f1086 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3f1086\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\">At the end of the last century, the Geodetic Department completed the implementation of an important strategic project concerning the setting up and determination of a new fundamental geodetic network, covering uniformly all Italy and called IGM95. This new network was entirely determined by using GPS differential measurements and it is based on the ETR89 European system by means of EUREF vertexes located in Italy; it is also connected to the traditional triangulation and leveling networks. The IGM95 network consists of 2,000 points covering all Italy and located every 20 km and another 3,000 points, located every 5 km. This increasing of vertex number is carried out only in few regions. All IGM95 points have a MSE of about 5 cm. Some points have a second materialization (i.e. an associated point) near the main materialization (CT-GPS).    <\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1a72ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1a72ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The points<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dfedd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2dfedd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>In the geographic search engine, IGM95 points are represented by red or blue triangles and squares. These different symbols are described below: <\/p><p> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"IGM95_quot\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/copy_of_triangolo_verde.png\" alt=\"IGM95_quot\"> IGM95 with height established by leveling<br><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"IGM95\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/copy_of_triangolo_giallo.png\" alt=\"IGM95\"> IGM95<br><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"raffit_quot\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/copy_of_quadrato_verde.png\" alt=\"raffit_quot\">second order vertex with height established by leveling<br><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"raffit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/copy_of_quadrato_giallo.png\" alt=\"raffit\"> second order vertex<\/p><p>Monographs of IGM95 points are for sale. The associated point, when existing, is for sale with the main one at the same price. Monograph of IGM95 points consists of a sheet of useful information concerning the point.  <\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3539a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3539a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>In each information sheet are indicated:<\/p><ul><li>name and specification: name of the point location, a specification can be added in order to better identify the place of materialization;<\/li><li><strong>number<\/strong>: the point is identified by a univocal six-number code; the first three nembers indicate the sheet of the Italian map at scale 1:100,000 where the point is located, the last three numbers are the sheet sequential numbering and the forth number is always greater than five;<\/li><li><strong>Cartographic location<\/strong>: cartographic point location: cartographic elements indicating the point location, both in the new series at 50,000 and in its sub- multiple element at 25,000 and in the old series at 100,000 and in its sub-multiple map at 25,000;<\/li><li><strong>Administrative location<\/strong>: Nation, Region, Province and Municipality where the point is located, as well as the relevant Carabinieri station;<\/li><li><strong>property: name of the owner of the plot of land or building, address included, where the vertex is located;<\/strong><\/li><li>materialization: description of the benchmark indicating the vertex and its location;<\/li><li><strong>numerical elements<\/strong>: geographic coordinates in the ETRF2000 and ROMA40 geodetic systems, plane coordinates in the corresponding cartographic systems (TM and Gauss-Boaga respectively), geoid elevation and ellipsoid elevation of the point;<\/li><li>access: how to get to the place where the vertex is located (if an authorization is necessary or if there is any restriction);<\/li><li><strong>Additional information<\/strong>: any other useful information;<\/li><li><strong>Connected vertices<\/strong>: any planimetric\/altimetric connection with vertexes of classical network or with leveling benchmarks;<\/li><li><strong>planimetry: <\/strong>rank of plan determination among the following ones: <br><ul><li>Main network (IGM95)<\/li><li>Integration point (IGM95 point restoring, permanent station, etc.)<\/li><li>Integration point (geotrav, etc.)<\/li><li>Second order network<\/li><li>Integration point of second order network<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Altimetry: elevation reference among the following ones:<ul><li>Elevation obtained from leveling benchmark (Fund. network)<\/li><li>Elevation obtained from leveling benchmark (old network)<\/li><li>Elevation obtained from geoid model (ITALGEO2005)<\/li><li>Elevation obtained from geoid model (EGM2008)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>manufacturer: administration that produced the point;<\/li><li><strong>astronomical<\/strong> stations: if any astronomical observation was performed on the vertex;<\/li><li><strong>monographic sketch<\/strong>: plan or perspective drawing representing the position of the vertex in the context of the details surrounding it;<\/li><li>installation date: date of installation of the point;<\/li><li>last intervention: date of the last intervention on the point;<\/li><li>one or more pictures of the point;<\/li><li>cartographic section indicating the point location.<\/li><\/ul><p><br>The following monographs are available:<\/p><ul><li>IGM95 point (except for points not belonging to the Second Order Network)<\/li><li>IGM95 high-precision point (for points belonging to the Second Order Network)<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f836a74 trigonometria elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f836a74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"trigonometria\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fundamental trigonometric network<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8785f5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8785f5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>The fundamental trigonometric network, carried out by triangulation and trilateration, consists of more than 20,000 trigonometric vertexes divided into 4 orders and uniformly distributed over the national territory with an interdistance of about 5 km. It covers uniformly all Italy and was first set up between the Italian unification (1861) and 1919. Other national networks such as the Cadastral one are derived from it. This network has an accuracy of a few decimeters in both planimetry and elevation. <\/p><p>In the geographic search engine, trig-points are represented by red or blue squares. These different symbols are described below: <\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/3.png\" alt=\"trig-point of certain definition\"> trig-point<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-inline\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.igmi.org\/it\/descrizione-prodotti\/elementi-geodetici-1\/5.png\" alt=\"Trigonometric vertex of uncertain definition\">  Trigonometric vertex of uncertain definition<\/p><p><br>Monograph of trig-points vertexes consists of a sheet of useful information concerning the point. In each information sheet are indicated: <\/p><ul><li>name and specification: name of the point location, a specification can be added in order to better identify the place of materialization;<\/li><li><strong>order<\/strong>: indicates the hierarchy of the determination. The order of importance can be decreasing: I, II, III, IV, Tp5 (checked topographic point), TP (topographic point), CC (established by the state border commission);<\/li><li><strong>number<\/strong>: the point is identified by an univocal six-number code; the first three numbers indicate the sheet of the Italian map at scale 1:100,000 where the point is located, the last three numbers are the sheet sequential numbering and the forth number can\u2019t be more than five.;<\/li><li><strong>Cartographic location<\/strong>: cartographic elements indicating the point location, both in the old series at scale 100,000 and in its sub-multiple map at scale 25,000, and in the new series at scale 50,000 and in its sub- multiple element at scale 25,000;<\/li><li><strong>Administrative location<\/strong>: Nation, Region, Province and Municipality in which the trig point falls, as well as the relevant Carabinieri station;<\/li><li><strong>property<\/strong>: name of the owner of the plot of land or building, address included, where the vertex is located;<\/li><li><strong>reference plane<\/strong>: description of the horizontal element to which the elevation refers;<br><\/li><li><strong>adjustment<\/strong>: indication on the calculation that provided the planimetric determination;<br><\/li><li><strong>numerical elements<\/strong>: geographic coordinates in the ETRF2000 and ROMA40 geodetic systems, plane coordinates in the corresponding cartographic systems (TM and Gauss-Boaga respectively) and vertex elevation;<br><\/li><li>history: main events in the vertex\u2019s history;<\/li><li><strong>materialization<\/strong>: description of the elements (objects or symbols) indicating the vertex;<\/li><li>access: how to get to the place where the vertex is located (if an authorization is necessary or if there is any restriction);<\/li><li><strong>Additional information<\/strong>: any other useful information;<\/li><li><strong>Astronomical<\/strong> stations: if any astronomical observation was performed on the vertex;<\/li><li><strong>Monographic sketch<\/strong>: plan or perspective drawing representing the position of the vertex in the context of the details surrounding it;<\/li><li><strong>Last intervention<\/strong>:last intervention: description of the last intervention performed on the vertex.<\/li><\/ul><p><br>The following monographs are available:<\/p><ul><li>TRIGONOMETRIC VERTIXES<\/li><li>TRIGONOMETRIC VERTEXES OF UNCERTAIN DEFINITION (materialized approximately or of inferior order than III and established before 1940)<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66757bf archivio-storico elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"archivio-storico\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reproductions of documents from the historical archives<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902d8c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"902d8c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>In the Historical Archives of the Geodetic Department is stored the documentation concerning geodetic works from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. The documentation is mainly related to works carried out on Italian territory, but data on former Italian colonies across the sea can also be found. <\/p><p>The following documents can be requested:<\/p><ul><li>Reproduction of documents from the historical geodetic archive in A4 format<\/li><li>Reproduction of documents from the historical geodetic archive in A3 format<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed207f3 verto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed207f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"verto\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VERTO Software<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35a8f58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35a8f58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p>Verto family software enables coordinate conversions between the most widely used reference systems in Italy: Rome40, ED50 and ETRS89, the latter in the ETRF89 and ETRF2000 realizations.<br>List if software currently available:<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f56059 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2f56059\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/en\/geodetic-elements\/verto-online\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VERTO ONLINE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4d2da elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"de4d2da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/en\/geodetic-elements\/verto-2k-and-3k\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VERTO2K AND VERTO3K<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b56c0ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b56c0ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"parent-fieldname-description\" class=\"documentDescription\"><p class=\" \"><em><strong>MAIN DIFFERENCES<\/strong><\/em><\/p><ol><li> Verto2k and Verto3k are <em>chargeable<\/em>, and gridded data must also be purchased separately in order to carry out coordinate conversion; Verto on Line is <em>free<\/em>.<\/li><li>Planimetric results are <em>identical<\/em> for the 4 reference systems for both Verto2k and Verto3k and Verto on Line.<br><\/li><li>Verto2k and Verto3k also convert <em>elevations<\/em> by means of geoid models; Verto on Line does not carry out elevations&#8217; conversions.<\/li><li>Verto2k and Verto3k accept entered coordinates of a point, .txt files, and excel files as input formats; Verto on Line can process many types of both vector and raster files.<\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da490b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7da490b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b66b58 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b66b58\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38dbf03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38dbf03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Product Categories<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b0c111 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3b0c111\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbd0376 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dbd0376\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-166f4b1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"166f4b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e81d296 elementor-pagination-type-bullets elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel\" data-id=\"e81d296\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;658f11a&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #2&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;b4b6599&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #2&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;ecafc9e&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #3&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;d25dd46&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #4&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;573ebfa&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #5&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;1c0b21e&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #6&quot;}],&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:25,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:80,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;offset_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;offset_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pagination&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-carousel swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Carosello\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"1\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1225f78 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1225f78\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-669b3d4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"669b3d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-879f740 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"879f740\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aerial Photos<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2793e5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2793e5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExplore the Italian Military Geographic Institute&#8217;s aerial photo archives: more than 300,000 photograms of Italy and some foreign states, taken between 1927 and 2010.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26106ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"26106ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/foto-aeree\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"2\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-297e961 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"297e961\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-431fa88 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"431fa88\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b43d25b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b43d25b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cartography<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add85a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add85a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDiscover the official cartography of Italy produced by IGMI: accurate and updated maps, all realized with state-of-the-art technologies.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84b0af2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"84b0af2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/cartografia\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"3\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffb6cf9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ffb6cf9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b780fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8b780fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a6deff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a6deff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historical maps<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bd2ff9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bd2ff9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDiscover a unique collection of historical maps, perfect for scholars, collectors and enthusiasts.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5eba575 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5eba575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/carte-storiche\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"4\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d798d7f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d798d7f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-804eca0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"804eca0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-462cdcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"462cdcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Terrestrial Photos<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d2512d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d2512d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThousands of historical, panoramic and terrestrial images, taken between 1876 and 1945 in Italy and overseas territories.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4baaa82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4baaa82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/foto-terrestri\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"5\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79a3629 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"79a3629\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31645a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"31645a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb5fc8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb5fc8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geodetic Elements and Conversion Software<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3553e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3553e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>On line purchasing of high quality IGMI products.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da58640 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"da58640\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/elementi-geodetici\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"6\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 of 6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6237d5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e6237d5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da686d9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"da686d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb031bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb031bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Books and Magazines<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2dde767 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2dde767\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncrease your knowledge of the territory by the Italian Military Geographic Institute&#8217;s publications.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3039072 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3039072\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/igmi.esercito.difesa.it\/libri-e-riviste\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M190.5 66.9l22.2-22.2c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0L441 239c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L246.6 467.3c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.2-22.2c-9.5-9.5-9.3-25 .4-34.3L311.4 296H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24v-32c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h287.4L190.9 101.2c-9.8-9.3-10-24.8-.4-34.3z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Previous\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M646 125C629 125 613 133 604 142L308 442C296 454 292 471 292 487 292 504 296 521 308 533L604 854C617 867 629 875 646 875 663 875 679 871 692 858 704 846 713 829 713 812 713 796 708 779 692 767L438 487 692 225C700 217 708 204 708 187 708 171 704 154 692 142 675 129 663 125 646 125Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Next\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M696 533C708 521 713 504 713 487 713 471 708 454 696 446L400 146C388 133 375 125 354 125 338 125 325 129 313 142 300 154 292 171 292 187 292 204 296 221 308 233L563 492 304 771C292 783 288 800 288 817 288 833 296 850 308 863 321 871 338 875 354 875 371 875 388 867 400 854L696 533Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PAGE INDEX EPSG codes in use in Italy Gridded data and coordinate conversion service Geodetic works RDN (National Dynamic Network) Project High-precision leveling network IGM95 Network Fundamental trigonometric network Reproductions of documents from the historical archives VERTO software EPSG codes in use in Italy The EPSG database includes the coordinate reference systems used in Italy, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1304814","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Geodetic Elements - Istituto Geografico Militare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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